Gum disease is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults in the UK, affecting around half the adult population to some degree. It is also one of the most under-recognised conditions in dentistry, largely because its early stages are painless. By the time patients notice symptoms, the disease is often well established.
Gum disease is a bacterial infection of the tissues that surround and support the teeth. It begins when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up along and beneath the gum line. When plaque is not removed by brushing and interdental cleaning, it triggers an inflammatory response in the gum tissue.
The condition progresses in two recognised stages.
Gingivitis is the early stage. The gums become inflamed, swollen, and prone to bleeding during brushing. At this stage, the underlying bone and ligaments are not affected. With professional cleaning and improved oral hygiene at home, gingivitis is almost entirely reversible.
Periodontitis is the advanced stage. If gingivitis is not treated, the infection progresses deeper, forming pockets between the teeth and gums where bacteria accumulate. Over time, the bacteria destroy the bone and ligaments that anchor the teeth in the jaw. This destruction is irreversible, though treatment can halt further progression.
Gum disease is often silent in its early stages. Signs to look out for include bleeding gums when brushing or flossing, gums that appear red or swollen, persistent bad breath, gums that appear to be pulling away from the teeth, teeth that feel loose or have shifted position, and sensitivity along the gum margin.
If any of these apply to you, do not wait for your next routine appointment. Book a check-up at Berkhamsted Dental promptly.
Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing gum disease: smoking significantly accelerates its progression and impairs healing; diabetes is strongly linked to increased severity; a family history of gum disease indicates genetic susceptibility; stress, certain medications, and hormonal changes also play a role.
At Berkhamsted Dental, our hygiene and gum disease treatment team takes a thorough and structured approach. Treatment begins with a detailed assessment of pocket depths around every tooth, followed by a professional debridement process called root surface debridement, which removes bacterial deposits from beneath the gum line.
For most patients in the early to moderate stages, this, combined with an improved home care routine, produces significant improvement. More advanced cases may require further clinical intervention or referral to a specialist periodontist.
Gum disease is not just a dental concern. Research has established links between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease, diabetes complications, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and other systemic conditions. Treating gum disease is an investment in your overall health, not just your smile.
Book a gum health assessment at Berkhamsted Dental today.
Whether you’re booking your first appointment, have a question about our treatments, or simply want advice on your dental care — our friendly team is here to help.
